Illinois HR 885: BENIN BRONZES

Bill Text

• 

 Illinois General Assembly - Full Text of HR0885 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

 Select Language

 × 

 The Illinois General Assembly offers the Google Translate™ service for visitor convenience. In no way should it be considered accurate as to the translation of any content herein.

 Visitors of the Illinois General Assembly website are encouraged to use other translation services available on the internet.

 The English language version is always the official and authoritative version of this website.

 NOTE: To return to the original English language version, select the "Show Original" button on the Google Translate™ menu bar at the top of the window.

 Choose Language 

 English 

 Afrikaans 

 Albanian 

 Arabic 

 Armenian 

 Azerbaijani 

 Basque 

 Bengali 

 Bosnian 

 Catalan 

 Croatian 

 Czech 

 Danish 

 Dutch 

 Esperanto 

 Estonian 

 Filipino 

 Finnish 

 French 

 Galician 

 Georgian 

 German 

 Greek 

 Gujarati 

 Haitian Creole 

 Hausa 

 Hawaiian 

 Hebrew 

 Hindi 

 Hungarian 

 Icelandic 

 Indonesian 

 Interlingua 

 Interlingue 

 Inuktitut 

 Irish 

 Italian 

 Japanese 

 Javanese 

 Kannada 

 Khmer 

 Korean 

 Latin 

 Latvian 

 Lithuanian 

 Luxembourgish 

 Macedonian 

 Malagasy 

 Malayalam 

 Maltese 

 Maori 

 Marathi 

 Myanmar 

 Nepali 

 Norwegian 

 Odia 

 Pashto 

 Punjabi 

 Romanian 

 Russian 

 Samoan 

 Sango 

 Sanskrit 

 Sardinian 

 Sindhi 

 Sinhala 

 Slovak 

 Slovenian 

 Somali 

 Southern Sotho 

 Spanish 

 Sundanese 

 Swahili 

 Swedish 

 Tamil 

 Telugu 

 Thai 

 Tigrinya 

 Tonga 

 Turkish 

 Ukrainian 

 Urdu 

 Vietnamese 

 Welsh 

 Xhosa 

 Yiddish 

 Yoruba 

 Zulu 

 Powered by Translate 

 Close 

 Illinois General Assembly

 Top Navigation Bar

 Translate 

 Learn 

 Select General Assembly 

 Search the 104th General Assembly 

 Enter search terms for legislation, members, committees, or schedules. 

 ILGA.GOV 

• 

• 

 LEGISLATION & LAWS 

• Bills & Resolutions 

• Public Acts 

• Illinois Compiled Statutes 

• Illinois Constitution 

• Search Legislation 

• Glossary 

• Guide 

• 

 Reports & Inquiry 

• Legislative Reports 

• Special Reports 

• FTP Site 

• Legislator Lookup 

• Capitol Complex Phone Numbers 

• 

 Rules & Regulations 

• Illinois Register 

• Administrative Rules 

• 

 Senate 

• 
 Members 

• Schedules 

• Committees 

• 

 Request for Remote Testimony 

• Journals 

• Transcripts 

• Rules 

• Audio/Video 

• FOIA Information 

• Senate Employment Opportunities 

• Media Guidelines 

• 

 House 

• 
 Members 

• Schedules 

• Committees 

• 

 Submit testimony for House Committees 

• Journals 

• Transcripts 

• Rules 

• Audio/Video 

• FOIA Information 

• House Employment Opportunities 

• Log In 

 Mobile Top Bar

 Search the 104th General Assembly 

 Enter keywords to search the Illinois General Assembly website. 

 Full Text of HR0885

• Home 

• Legislation 

• Full Text 

 HR0885 - 104th General Assembly 

• 
 Bill Status 

• 
 Full Text 

• 
 Votes 

• 
 Witness Slips 

 Select Menu 

 Bill Status 
 Full Text 
 Votes 
 Witness Slips 
 Printer Friendly Version 

 Introduced 

 Printer Friendly Version 

 Introduced 

 Open PDF 

HR0885LRB104 20990 MST 34861 r

1HOUSE RESOLUTION

2 WHEREAS, The Benin Bronzes are a collection of intricately 

3crafted plaques, sculptures, ceremonial heads, and other 

4artifacts created by Edo artists of the Kingdom of Benin, 

5located in present-day Edo State, Nigeria, primarily between 

6the 13th and 19th centuries, representing one of Africa's most 

7sophisticated and enduring artistic traditions; and

8 WHEREAS, These works embody the political authority, 

9religious symbolism, and social organization of the Benin 

10Kingdom, serving as historical records, memorials to royal 

11ancestors, and expressions of the cultural and spiritual life 

12of the Edo people; and

13 WHEREAS, The materials and wealth used in the production 

14of the Benin Bronzes were, in part, obtained through extensive 

15regional and international trade networks, including 

16transatlantic exchanges that were deeply intertwined with 

17European commercial expansion and the transatlantic slave 

18trade; and

19 WHEREAS, This history reflects the complex and often 

20painful legacies of African and European interaction, 

21including the participation of multiple actors in systems of 

22trade, coercion, and colonization that caused profound human 

HR0885- 2 -LRB104 20990 MST 34861 r

1suffering and long-lasting harm; and

2 WHEREAS, In 1897, during the British Punitive Expedition 

3against the Kingdom of Benin, the royal palace was destroyed 

4and thousands of culturally and spiritually significant 

5objects, now collectively known as the Benin Bronzes, were 

6removed and subsequently dispersed throughout museums and 

7private collections around the world; and

8 WHEREAS, Today, the Benin Bronzes are held across Europe, 

9North Amer